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Protecting Children from Manipulative AI Chatbots: State Legislation Tracker

As AI chatbots become increasingly available and easy to access, teens are among their most frequent users. At the same time, there are mainstream efforts to integrate this technology into toys for very young children.

The American Psychological Association has expressed significant concern that AI chatbots programmed to foster emotional relationships may negatively impact children’s development and social wellbeing. 

Conversations with AI chatbots frequently end up being highly sexualized regardless of the user’s age and there are numerous pending lawsuits alleging that chatbots have encouraged children to commit serious harm to themselves and others. 

While there are very few existing guardrails protecting children from this technology, state legislatures across the country are  introducing urgently needed legislation to change that.

The table below illustrates where states have passed or are in the process of debating legislation to protect children from the harms of manipulative AI chatbots. 

 Public Citizen offers a model bill as well as legislative support for any state lawmaker interested in moving this forward in their state.

AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DE FL GA HI ID IL IN IA KS KY LA ME MD MA MI MN MS MO MT NE NV NH NJ NM NY NC ND OH OK OR PA RI SC SD TN TX UT VT VA WA WV WI WY DC
StateBillStatusLevel of Protection for Minors
ALHB 324Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
AZHB 2311Introduced 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
AZHB 2737Introduced 2026Data privacy approach
CAAB 2023Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
CASB 1119Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
CAAB 1064Vetoed 2025Protects minors from manipulative features
CASB 867Introduced 2026Ban on companion chatbots in toys
CASB 243Enacted 2025Protects minors from extreme harms
CASB 300Passed Senate 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
COHB 1263Passed House 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
CTSB 86Introduced 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
FLSB 482Failed 2026, Pending in Special Session 2026Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
FLHB 659Failed 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
FLHB 1395Failed 2026Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
FL SB 1344Failed 2026Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
GASB 540Passed Senate 2026, Passed House 2026Protects minors from some manipulative features
HIHB 1782 / SB 2788Passed House 2026, Passed Senate 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
HISB 3001 / HB 2502Passed Senate 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
IAHF 2204Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
IAHF 2507Introduced 2026, Substituted with SF 2417Protects minors from extreme harms
IAHF 2715Introduced 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
IASF 2417Passed Senate 2026, Passed House 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
IDS 1297Enacted 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
ILSB 3262Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
ILSB 3368Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
ILHB 5044Introduced 2026Product liability
ILHB 4705 / SB 3261Introduced 2026Requires child safety plan
KSHB 2772 / SB 499Introduced 2026Data privacy approach
KSHB 2671Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
LAHB 791Introduced 2026Data privacy approach
LAHB 1188Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
LAHB 295Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
LAHB 734Introduced 2026, Withdrawn 2026Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
MDHB 1250 / SB 827Introduced 2026Data privacy approach
MDHB 952Introduced 2026, Passed House 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
MELD 2162Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
MISB 760Introduced 2025Protects minors from manipulative features
MNSF 4997Introduced 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
MNSF 1857Introduced 2025Protects minors from manipulative features
MNHF4452Introduced 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
MNHF 1991Introduced 2026Prevents minors from accessing chatbots
MOHB 2031Introduced 2025Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
MOHB 2032Introduced 2025Protects minors from manipulative features
MOHB 1742Introduced 2025Protects minors from manipulative features
MOSB 1455Introduced 2025Protects minors from manipulative features
NCSB 624Introduced 2025Duty of Loyalty
NELB 525Enacted 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
NELB 1185Introduced 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
NELB 939Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
NELB 1083Introduced 2026Requires child safety plan
NMHB 174Introduced 2026, Failed 2026Protects minors from some limited manipulative features
NYSB 9051Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
NYA10379Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
NYSB 5668 / AB 222Introduced 2025Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
NYS 3008 CEnacted 2025Protects all people from extreme harms
OKSB 1521Introduced 2026, Passed Senate 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
OKSB 2085Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
OKHB 4083Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
OKHB 3544Introduced 2026, Passed House 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
ORSB 1546Enacted 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
PAHB 2215Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
PASB 1090Passed Senate 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
PAHB 2006Introduced 2026Protects all people from some extreme harms
SCH 5476Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
SCHB 5138 / SB 896Introduced 2026Data privacy approach
SCS 1037Introduced 2026Protects minors from manipulative features - can be overriden by parental consent
SDSB 168Failed 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
TNHB 1898 / SB 2171Passed House 2026Requires child safety plan
TNHB 1946/ SB 1700Passed Senate 2026, Passed House 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
TNSB 1493/ HB 1455Introduced 2026Unlawful to train a chatbot to be manipulative
UTHB 438Failed 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
UTHB 286Failed 2026Requires child safety plan
VASB 796Passed Senate 2026
Carryover until 2027
Curtail emotional dependence and extreme harm for all users
VAHB 758Failed 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
VAHB 635Carryover until 2027Protects minors from extreme harms
VTH 784Introduced 2026Data privacy approach
VTH 804Introduced 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
WAHB 2225 / SB 5984Enacted 2026Protects minors from manipulative features
WASB 5870Failed 2026Protects minors from extreme harms
WIAB 965 / SB 939Failed 2026Protects minors from extreme harms

Last updated: April 23, 2026

See an error or want to share information on relevant legislation? Please contact Ilana Beller (ibeller@citizen.org).