Tracker: State Legislation on Intimate Deepfakes
The rapid development of AI technology and lack of sufficient regulations has resulted in an exponential rise in the circulation of non-consensual intimate deepfakes. These deepfakes are fabricated using AI technology to falsely depict a real person engaging in a sexual act.
Intimate deepfakes cause serious harm to victims, who report experiencing significant emotional harm and trauma, as well as damage to their reputations and careers. The vast majority of the victims are women and children.
State legislatures across the country are working to address this growing problem by passing legislation to regulate intimate deepfakes, usually with bipartisan support. The table below illustrates which states have put forth legislation to regulate intimate deepfakes and where the bills currently stand.
| STATE | BILL NO. | STATUS | WHO IS COVERED? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | HB 161 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Alabama | HB 168 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Alabama | SB 29 | Failed | Everyone |
| Alabama | SB 109 | Failed | Minors only |
| Alaska | HB 47 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Arizona | SB 1462 | Passed Senate, Passed House | Everyone |
| Arizona | HB 2678 | Passed House | Minors only |
| Arizona | HB 2712 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Arizona | HB 2394 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Arizona | HB 2307 | Failed | Minors only |
| Arizona | SB 1336 | Vetoed | Everyone |
| Arkansas | HB 1877 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Arkansas | HB 1823 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Arkansas | HB 1529 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Arkansas | HB 1518 | Introduced | Minors only |
| California | AB 379 | Introduced | Everyone |
| California | AB 621 | Introduced | Platform requirements |
| California | AB 602 | Enacted | Everyone |
| California | AB 1721 | Failed | Everyone |
| California | AB 1856 | Failed | Everyone |
| California | SB 926 | Enacted | Everyone |
| California | SB 981 | Enacted | Everyone |
| California | AB 1831 | Enacted | Minors only |
| California | AB 1873 | Failed | Minors only |
| California | SB 933 | Failed | Minors only |
| Colorado | SB 288 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Colorado | SB 24-011 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Connecticut | SB 1439 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Connecticut | SB 1440 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Connecticut | SB 2 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Connecticut | SB 208 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Connecticut | HB 5599 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Connecticut | SB 348 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Connecticut | HB 5598 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Connecticut | HB 5045 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Connecticut | SB 1143 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Connecticut | HB 5421 | Failed | Everyone |
| Connecticut | SB 2 | Failed | Everyone |
| Delaware | HB 353 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Florida | HB 233 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Florida | HB 757 | Passed | Everyone |
| Florida | SB 1180 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Florida | SB 1084 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Florida | SB 1798 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Florida | SB 1680 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Florida | HB 757 | Failed | Everyone |
| Florida | HB 1459 | Failed | Minors only |
| Georgia | SB 78 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Georgia | SB 9 | Passed Senate, Passed House | Everyone (focus on minors) |
| Georgia | HB 171 | Introduced | Everyone (focus on minors) |
| Georgia | HB 1361 | Failed | Minors only |
| Georgia | SB 466 | Failed | Minors only |
| Hawaii | SB 1156 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Hawaii | SB 309 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Iowa | HF 81 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Iowa | HF 2240 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Iowa | SF 2243 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Iowa | HF 2048 | Failed | Everyone |
| Iowa | HF 2049 | Failed | Minors only |
| Idaho | H 575 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Idaho | H 465 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Idaho | H 391 | Failed | Everyone |
| Idaho | H 382 | Failed | Minors only |
| Illinois | HB 3028 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Illinois | HB 2123 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Illinois | SB 382 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Illinois | HB 4623 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Illinois | HB 4763 | Failed | Everyone |
| Illinois | SB 2786 | Failed | Everyone |
| Illinois | HB 299 | Failed | Minors only |
| Illinois | HB 4837 | Failed | Minors only |
| Illinois | HB 5848 | Failed | Minors only |
| Illinois | SB 2741 | Failed | Minors only |
| Illinois | SB 2940 | Failed | Minors only |
| Indiana | HB 1047 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Indiana | HB 1228 | Failed | Everyone |
| Kansas | HB 2183 | Passed Senate, Passed House, Incorporated into SB 186, Enacted | Everyone |
| Kansas | SB 525 | Failed | Everyone |
| Kentucky | HB 92 | Failed | Minors only |
| Kentucky | HB 45 | Failed | Everyone |
| Kentucky | HB 207 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Louisiana | HB 103 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Louisiana | SB 6 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Louisiana | SB 175 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Maine | LD 230 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Massachusetts | S 48 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Massachusetts | H 1593 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Massachusetts | S 1174 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Massachusetts | H 1931 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Massachusetts | H 4241/ H 4744 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Maryland | HB 803 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Maryland | HB 663 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Maryland | SB 360 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Maryland | HB 5 | Passed House | Minors only |
| Maryland | HB 1425 | Introduced | Broad deepfakes |
| Maryland | HB 145 | Failed | Everyone |
| Maryland | HB 1062 | Failed | Everyone |
| Maryland | SB 858 | Failed | Everyone |
| Maryland | SB 226 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Michigan | HB 4047 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Michigan | HB 4048 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Michigan | HB 5569 | Failed | Everyone |
| Michigan | HB 5570 | Failed | Everyone |
| Minnesota | SF 1577 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Minnesota | SF 1119 | Introduced | Platform requirements |
| Minnesota | HF 1370 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Minnesota | SF 1394 | Failed | Everyone |
| Missouri | SB 604 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Missouri | HB 362 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Missouri | SB 411 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Missouri | HB 2573 | Failed | Everyone |
| Missouri | SB 1424 | Failed | Everyone |
| Missouri | SB 1444 | Failed | Everyone |
| Mississippi | SB 2202 | Passed Senate, Failed | Everyone |
| Mississippi | SB 2437 | Failed | Everyone |
| Mississippi | HB 1126 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Mississippi | SB 2288 | Failed | Everyone |
| Montana | HB 82 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Montana | HB 514 | Passed House, Passed Senate | Everyone |
| Montana | SB 413 | Passed Senate, Passed House | Everyone |
| Nebraska | LB 371 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Nebraska | LB 172 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Nevada | AB 35 | Passed Assembly | Minors only |
| Nevada | AB 187 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Nevada | SB 263 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Nevada | SB 213 | Passed Senate | Everyone |
| Nevada | AB 126 | Introduced | Minors only |
| New Hampshire | SB 300 | Introduced | Minors only |
| New Hampshire | HB 1319 | Enacted | Everyone |
| New Hampshire | HB 1432 | Enacted | Everyone |
| New Hampshire | SB 564 | Enacted | Minors only |
| New Hampshire | HB 1710 | Failed | Everyone |
| New Hampshire | SB 464 | Failed | Everyone |
| New Jersey | A 1604 | Introduced | Everyone |
| New Jersey | A 1892 / S 976 | Introduced | Everyone |
| New Jersey | A 3540 / S 2544 | Enacted | Everyone |
| New Jersey | A 4435 / S 3551 | Introduced | Everyone |
| New Jersey | A 4479 | Introduced | Everyone |
| New Jersey | A 5004 / S 3823 | Introduced | Minors only |
| New Mexico | SB 530 | Failed | Everyone |
| New Mexico | HB 401 | Failed | Broad (all non-consensual deepfakes) |
| New York | S 6278 | Introduced | Everyone |
| New York | A 6293 | Introduced | Everyone |
| New York | S 3202 | Introduced | Minors only |
| New York | S 205/ A 2226 | Passed Senate | Everyone |
| New York | A 1280 | Introduced | Broad (all non-consensual deepfakes) |
| New York | A 8808(Part MM subpart A) | Enacted | Everyone |
| New York | S 1042 Amendment A | Enacted | Everyone |
| New York | A 4217 | Failed | Everyone |
| New York | A 9181 | Failed | Everyone |
| New York | A 9955 | Failed | Everyone |
| New York | S 5583 | Failed | Everyone |
| New York | S 7881 | Failed | Everyone |
| New York | A 7519 | Failed | Minors only |
| New York | A 9180 | Failed | Minors only |
| New York | S 8510 | Failed | Minors only |
| North Carolina | H507/ S483 | Filed | Minors only |
| North Carolina | H 375 | Filed | Minors only |
| North Carolina | S 828 | Failed | Minors only |
| North Carolina | H 591 | Enacted | Everyone |
| North Dakota | HB 1351 | Enacted | Everyone |
| North Dakota | HB 1386 | Enacted | Minors only |
| North Dakota | HB 1320 | Failed | Broad (all non-consensual deepfakes) |
| Ohio | HB 185 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Ohio | SB 163 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Ohio | HB 295 | Failed | Everyone |
| Ohio | HB 367 | Failed | Everyone |
| Ohio | HB 401 | Failed | Everyone |
| Ohio | HB 217 | Failed | Minors only |
| Oklahoma | HB 1364 | Passed House | Everyone |
| Oklahoma | HB 3865 | Failed | Minors only |
| Oklahoma | HB 4104 | Failed | Minors only |
| Oklahoma | SB 1221 | Failed | Minors only |
| Oklahoma | SB 1268 | Failed | Minors only |
| Oklahoma | HB 3642 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Oregon | HB 2230 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Oregon | SB 414 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Oregon | HB 2230 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Oregon | SB 626 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Oregon | HB 2299 | Passed House | Everyone |
| Pennsylvania | SB 568 | Introduced | Platform requirements |
| Pennsylvania | HB 1063 | Failed | Everyone |
| Pennsylvania | HB 1373 | Failed | Everyone |
| Pennsylvania | SB 1213 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Pennsylvania | HB 1598 | Failed | Minors only |
| Pennsylvania | HB 1753 | Failed | Minors only |
| Pennsylvania | HB 2418 | Failed | Minors only |
| Pennsylvania | SB 1083 | Failed | Minors only |
| Rhode Island | H 5923 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Rhode Island | S 563 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Rhode Island | H 5046 | Passed House | Everyone |
| Rhode Island | S 136 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Rhode Island | S 335 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Rhode Island | HB 7101 | Failed | Everyone |
| Rhode Island | HB 8129 | Failed | Everyone |
| South Carolina | H 3035 | Introduced | Everyone |
| South Carolina | H 3620 | Introduced | Minors only |
| South Carolina | H 3046 | Passed House | Minors only |
| South Carolina | S 29 | Passed Senate | Minors only |
| South Carolina | H 3043 | Introduced | Minors only |
| South Carolina | H 3471 | Introduced | Minors only |
| South Carolina | S 0072 | Introduced | Everyone |
| South Carolina | H 3058 | Passed House | Everyone |
| South Carolina | H 3042 | Introduced | Everyone |
| South Carolina | H 5394 | Failed | Everyone |
| South Carolina | H 3058 (2023/2024) | Failed | Everyone |
| South Carolina | H 4972 | Failed | Minors only |
| South Carolina | H 4973 | Failed | Minors only |
| South Carolina | S 995 | Failed | Minors only |
| South Carolina | S 996 | Failed | Minors only |
| South Dakota | 22-21-4 | Enacted | Everyone |
| South Dakota | SB 79 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Tennessee | H 0769/ S 0741 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Tennessee | HB 1299 / SB 1346 | Passed Senate, Passed House | Everyone |
| Tennessee | SB 404/ HB 433 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Tennessee | HB 2163 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Tennessee | HB 2668 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Tennessee | HB 1964 | Failed | Everyone |
| Tennessee | SB 2003 | Failed | Everyone |
| Tennessee | HB 2030 | Failed | Everyone |
| Tennessee | SB 1912 | Failed | Everyone |
| Texas | HB 5517 | Introduced | Everyone (puts responsibility on platforms) |
| Texas | HB 4911 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Texas | HB 1717 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Texas | SB 441 | Passed Senate | Everyone |
| Texas | SB 442 | Passed Senate | Everyone |
| Texas | HB 235 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Texas | HB 1121 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Texas | HB 421 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Texas | HB 449 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Texas | HB 1092 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Texas | HB 387 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Texas | HB 418 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Texas | HB 581 | Passed House | Minors only |
| Texas | SB 20 | Passed Senate | Minors only |
| Texas | SB 1621 | Passed Senate | Minors only |
| Texas | HB 3694 | Introduced | Platform requirements |
| Texas | SB 1361 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Texas | HB 2700 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Utah | HB 148 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Utah | HB 193 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Utah | SB 66 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Utah | HB 238 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Vermont | H 878 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Vermont | H 710 | Failed | Everyone |
| Virginia | HB 2288 | Failed | Everyone |
| Virginia | HB 2654 | Failed | Everyone |
| Virginia | HB 2678 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Virginia | SB 731 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Virginia | HB 1525 | Failed | Everyone |
| Washington | SB 5105/ HB 1169 | Passed Senate | Minors only |
| Washington | SB 5094 | Introduced | Minors only |
| Washington | HB 1999 | Enacted | Everyone |
| Washington | SB 5962 | Failed | Everyone |
| Washington | SB 6184 | Failed | Minors only |
| West Virginia | SB 198 | Passed Senate, Passed House | Minors only |
| West Virginia | SB 170 | Failed | Everyone |
| West Virginia | HB 5516 | Failed | Everyone |
| West Virginia | SB 720 | Failed | Everyone |
| West Virginia | SB 740 | Failed | Minors only |
| West Virginia | SB 741 | Failed | Minors only |
| Wisconsin | SB 33 | Introduced | Everyone |
| Wisconsin | SB 314 | Enacted | Minors only |
| Wisconsin | AB 608 | Failed | Everyone |
| Wisconsin | SB 553 | Failed | Everyone |
| Wyoming | HB 85 | Enacted | Everyone |
Last updated: April 25, 2025
See an error or want to share information on state intimate deepfake legislation? Please contact Ilana Beller (ibeller@citizen.org).